Post-obturation Analgesia requirements in patients vaccinated against Covid-19: a short observational study. (preprint)

Aim: To evaluate the need for Post obturation analgesia (acetaminophens) requirements in patients vaccinated against Covid-19, as the role of the NASID’s is still controversial, and the most recommended drug is acetaminophens after Covid-19 Vaccination. Material and Methods: 50 patients vaccinated against Covid-19 undergoing root canal treatments for symptomatic pulpits in molar teeth, were divided into two groups of 25 each on the basis of gender (Group M for males and Group F for females.) Each patient was given a prescription for 650 mg of acetaminophen tablets to be taken 8 hourly with instructions to avail the same only if needed for pain. They were instructed to keep a record of the number of tablets consumed as per record sheet 1, and if the pain did not subside then a stronger analgesic Ketorolac DT 10mg twice a day had to be taken and recorded. In case the pain was accompanied by swelling, the patient was given a prescription of amoxicillin 500mg TDS along with analgesics. Results: In Group M and Group F the mean number of analgesic tablets required was 0.44±0.65, 0.80±1.08 respectively, and the difference was statistically insignificant (p=0.360). The statistical analysis was done by student’s t-test using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) Version 20.0 statistical Analysis Software. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, this is concluded that acetaminophen is effective in relieving post-obturation pain in patients vaccinated against COVID-19. Keywords: NSAID’s, Acetaminophen, Root Canal Treatment, COVID-19 vaccination, Covisheild

Unintentional Drownings in Pediatric Populations: Injury Prevention in the Post-COVID-19 Era.

Unintentional injuries are one of the leading causes of death in Americans. A large proportion of these deaths are attributable to accidental drownings and falls, both of which oftentimes take place in or around swimming pools and swimming pool-related apparatuses such as diving boards. The American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP) has reported drowning incidents as the most common injury-related cause of death in children ages one to four years. Although the AAFP has outlined steps to take to prevent drownings, there has not been a current large-scale study illustrating the effectiveness of these strategies with regard to their effect on the prevalence of swimming pool drowning cases in the last 10 years. Thus, we aim to utilize the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) database to uncover these rates, which can ultimately help aid in the reevaluation of current recommended guidelines.

Pre-pandemic autonomic function as a predictor of the COVID clinical course in young adults.

Long coronavirus disease (COVID) is emerging as a common clinical entity in the current era. Autonomic dysfunction is one of the frequently reported post-COVID complications. We hypothesize a bi-directional relationship between the autonomic function and the COVID course. This postulation has been inadequately addressed in the literature. A retrospective cohort (pre and post-comparison) study was conducted on 30 young adults whose pre-COVID autonomic function test results were available. They were divided into case and control groups based on whether they tested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction positive for COVID-19. Autonomic function tests were performed in both the case and control groups. COVID infection in healthy young adults shifts the sympatho-vagal balance from the pre-disease state. Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome was present in 35% of the COVID-affected group. COVID course parameters were found to be associated with parasympathetic reactivity and the baroreflex function. Baseline autonomic function (parasympathetic reactivity represented by Δ heart rate changes during deep breathing and 30:15 ratio during lying-to-standing test) was also associated with the COVID course, the post-COVID symptoms and the post-COVID autonomic function profile. Additionally, multiple regression analysis found that the baseline parasympathetic reactivity was a very important determinant of the clinical course of COVID, the post-COVID symptoms and the post-COVID autonomic profile. Sympatho-vagal balance shifts to parasympathetic withdrawal with sympathetic predominance due to COVID infection in healthy young adults. There is a bi-directional relationship between the autonomic function and the COVID course.

COVID-19 infection in patients on long-term home parenteral nutrition for chronic intestinal failure.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: To investigate the incidence and the severity of COVID-19 infection in patients enrolled in the database for home parenteral nutrition (HPN) for chronic intestinal failure (CIF) of the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN). METHODS: Period of observation: March 1st, 2020 March 1st, 2021. INCLUSION CRITERIA: patients included in the database since 2015 and still receiving HPN on March 1st, 2020 as well as new patients included in the database during the period of observation. Data related to the previous 12 months and recorded on March 1st 2021: 1) occurrence of COVID-19 infection since the beginning of the pandemic (yes, no, unknown); 2) infection severity (asymptomatic; mild, no-hospitalization; moderate, hospitalization no-ICU; severe, hospitalization in ICU); 3) vaccinated against COVID-19 (yes, no, unknown); 4) patient outcome on March 1st 2021: still on HPN, weaned off HPN, deceased, lost to follow up. RESULTS: Sixty-eight centres from 23 countries included 4680 patients. Data on COVID-19 were available for 55.1% of patients. The cumulative incidence of infection was 9.6% in the total group and ranged from 0% to 21.9% in the cohorts of individual countries. Infection severity was reported as: asymptomatic 26.7%, mild 32.0%, moderate 36.0%, severe 5.3%. Vaccination status was unknown in 62.0% of patients, non-vaccinated 25.2%, vaccinated 12.8%. Patient outcome was reported as: still on HPN 78.6%, weaned off HPN 10.6%, deceased 9.7%, lost to follow up 1.1%. A higher incidence of infection (p = 0.04), greater severity of infection (p < 0.001) and a lower vaccination percentage (p = 0.01) were observed in deceased patients. In COVID-19 infected patients, deaths due to infection accounted for 42.8% of total deaths. CONCLUSIONS: In patients on HPN for CIF, the incidence of COVID-19 infection differed greatly among countries. Although the majority of cases were reported to be asymptomatic or have mild symptoms only, COVID-19 was reported to be fatal in a significant proportion of infected patients. Lack of vaccination was associated with a higher risk of death.

Covid-19 Infection In Patients On Long-Term Home Parenteral Nutrition For Chronic Intestinal Failure☆

Background and aims To investigate the incidence and the severity of COVID-19 infection in patients enrolled in the database for home parenteral nutrition (HPN) for chronic intestinal failure (CIF) of the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN). Methods Period of observation: March 1st, 2020 March 1st, 2021. Inclusion criteria: patients included in the database since 2015 and still receiving HPN on March 1st, 2020 as well as new patients included in the database during the period of observation. Data related to the previous 12 months and recorded on March 1st 2021: 1) occurrence of COVID-19 infection since the beginning of the pandemic (yes, no, unknown);2) infection severity (asymptomatic;mild, no-hospitalization;moderate, hospitalization no-ICU;severe, hospitalization in ICU);3) vaccinated against COVID-19 (yes, no, unknown);4) patient outcome on March 1st 2021: still on HPN, weaned off HPN, deceased, lost to follow up. Results Sixty-eight centres from 23 countries included 4,680 patients. Data on COVID-19 were available for 55.1% of patients. The cumulative incidence of infection was 9.6% in the total group and ranged from 0% to 21.9% in the cohorts of individual countries. Infection severity was reported as: asymptomatic 26.7%, mild 32.0%, moderate 36.0%, severe 5.3%. Vaccination status was unknown in 62.0% of patients, non-vaccinated 25.2%, vaccinated 12.8%. Patient outcome was reported as: still on HPN 78.6%, weaned off HPN 10.6%, deceased 9.7%, lost to follow up 1.1%. A higher incidence of infection (p=0.04), greater severity of infection (p<0.001) and a lower vaccination percentage (p=0.01) were observed in deceased patients. In COVID-19 infected patients, deaths due to infection accounted for 42.8% of total deaths. Conclusions In patients on HPN for CIF, the incidence of COVID-19 infection differed greatly among countries. Although the majority of cases were reported to be asymptomatic or have mild symptoms only, COVID-19 was reported to be fatal in a significant proportion of infected patients. Lack of vaccination was associated with a higher risk of death.

Artificial intelligence and big data: ontological and communicative perspectives in multi-sectoral scenarios of modern businesses

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to see how critical and vital artificial intelligence (AI) and big data are in today's world. Besides this, this paper also seeks to explore qualitative and theoretical perspectives to underscore the importance of AI and big data applications in multi-sectoral scenarios of businesses across the world. Moreover, this paper also aims at working out the scope of ontological communicative perspectives based on AI alongside emphasizing their relevance in business organizations that need to survive and sustain with a view to achieve their strategic goals.Design/methodology/approachThis paper attempts to explore the qualitative perspectives to build a direction for strategic management via addressing the following research questions concerned with assessing the scope of ontological communicative perspectives in AI relevant to business organizations;exploring benefits of big data combined with AI in modern businesses;and underscoring the importance of AI and big data applications in multi-sectoral scenarios of businesses in today's world. Employing bibliometric analysis along with NVivo software to do sentiment analysis, this paper attempts to develop an understanding of what happens when AI and big data are combined in businesses.FindingsAI and big data have tremendous bearing on modern businesses. Because big data comprises enormous information of diverse sorts, AI-assisted machines, tools and devices help modern businesses process it quickly, efficiently and meaningfully. Therefore, business leaders and entrepreneurs need to focus heavily on ontological and communicative perspectives to deal with diverse range of challenges and problems particularly in the context of recent crises caused by COVID-19 pandemic.Research limitations/implicationsThere is hardly any arena of human activity wherein AI and big data are not relevant. The implication of this paper is that of combining both well so that we may find answers to the difficult and challenging multi-sectoral scenarios concerning not just businesses but life at large. Moreover, automated tools based on AI such as natural language processing and speech to text also facilitate meaningful communication at various levels not just in business organizations but other fields of human activities as well.Social implicationsThis paper has layered social implications, as it conceptually works out as to how strategically we may combine AI and big data to benefit modern business scenarios dealing with service providers, manufacturers, entrepreneurs, business leaders, customers and consumers. All the stakeholders are socio-culturally and contextually rooted/situated, and that is how this study becomes socially relevant.Originality/valueThis paper is an original piece of research and has been envisioned in view of the challenging business scenarios across the world today. This paper underscores the importance of strategically combining AI and big data, as they have enormous bearing on modern businesses. The insights arrived at in this paper have implications for business leaders and entrepreneurs across the globe who could focus more on ontological and communicative perspectives of AI combined with Big Data to deal with diverse range of challenges and problems that modern businesses have been facing particularly in recent times.

Coronaviruses - Potential human threat from foodborne transmission?

The COVID-19 pandemic has worldwide impact in terms of number of illnesses, deaths and long-term sequelae. While the main route for the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus is person to person from respiratory droplets, survival of the virus in the air and its ability to infect subsequently have raised concerns. COVID-19 outbreaks in meat and other food processing plants raise concern for potential foodborne spread. We focus on the survival of the virus in the food subjected to various unit operations during processing, storage and distribution and the risk to consumers. While the risk of contamination of food products is possibly due to survival of the virus in the air in food processing operations if preventive measures are not followed, survival of the virus on fresh foods is dependent on the intrinsic and extrinsic properties of the specific foods and antimicrobial interventions used during production. Even if the virus remains infective on contaminated foods, maintenance of infectivity after ingestion of food and subsequent invasion of tissue has not been reported. An alternate route of infection from contaminated foods can be during handling of foods and subsequent spread of the virus to other surfaces such as face, nose, leading to infection. However, due to the extensive treatments foods receive during processing, often inhospitable environs of the food products and further food preparation prior to consumption significantly reduce the risk of transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus.

The Role of Glutathione in Prevention of COVID-19 Immunothrombosis: A Review.

Immunothrombosis has emerged as a dominant pathological process exacerbating morbidity and mortality in acute- and long-COVID-19 infections. The hypercoagulable state is due in part to immune system dysregulation, inflammation and endothelial cell damage, as well as a reduction in defense systems. One defense mechanism in particular is glutathione (GSH), a ubiquitously found antioxidant. Evidence suggests that reduction in GSH increases viral replication, pro-inflammatory cytokine release, and thrombosis, as well as decreases macrophage-mediated fibrin removal. The collection of adverse effects as a result of GSH depletion in states like COVID-19 suggest that GSH depletion is a dominant mechanism of immunothrombosis cascade. We aim to review the current literature on the influence of GSH on COVID-19 immunothrombosis pathogenesis, as well as the beneficial effects of GSH as a novel therapeutic for acute- and long-COVID-19.

Development and implementation of an interdisciplinary telemedicine clinic for older patients with cancer-Preliminary data.

BACKGROUND: Frailty assessment is an important marker of the older adult's fitness for cancer treatment independent of age. Pretreatment geriatric assessment (GA) is associated with improved mortality and morbidity outcomes but must occur in a time sensitive manner to be useful for cancer treatment decision making. Unfortunately, time, resources and other constraints make GA difficult to perform in busy oncology clinics. We developed the Cancer and Aging Interdisciplinary Team (CAIT) clinic model to provide timely GA and treatment recommendations independent of patient's physical location. METHODS: The interdisciplinary CAIT clinic model was developed utilizing the surge in telemedicine during the COVID-19 pandemic. The core team consists of the patient's oncologist, geriatrician, registered nurse, pharmacist, and registered dietitian. The clinic's format is flexible, and the various assessments can be asynchronous. Patients choose the service method-in person, remotely, or hybrid. Based on GA outcomes, the geriatrician provides recommendations and arrange interventions. An assessment summary including life expectancy estimates and chemotoxicity risk calculator scores is conveyed to and discussed with the treating oncologist. Physician and patient satisfaction were assessed. RESULTS: Between May 2021 and June 2022, 50 patients from multiple physical locations were evaluated in the CAIT clinic. Sixty-eight percent was 80 years of age or older (range 67-99). All the evaluations were hybrid. The median days between receiving a referral and having the appointment was 8. GA detected multiple unidentified impairments. About half of the patients (52%) went on to receive chemotherapy (24% standard dose, 28% with dose modifications). The rest received radiation (20%), immune (12%) or hormonal (4%) therapies, 2% underwent surgery, 2% chose alternative medicine, 8% were placed under observation, and 6% enrolled in hospice care. Feedback was extremely positive. CONCLUSIONS: The successful development of the CAIT clinic model provides strong support for the potential dissemination across services and institutions.

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on smoking, vaping and smoking cessation services in the UK: A qualitative study.

BACKGROUND: Existing evidence suggests that while the COVID-19 pandemic triggered quit attempts among many smokers, it led some to smoke more and others to relapse back to smoking. These diverse effects have the potential to have a long-term impact on individuals' smoking and vaping behaviours. This study explored the effect of COVID-19 on smokers and vapers, vape shops and stop smoking services. METHODS: 39 semi-structured interviews were conducted with stop smoking practitioners, tobacco control leads, smokers and/or vapers, and vape shop owners. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically. RESULTS: Four themes were identified: Lockdown as a barrier to becoming/remaining smoke free; COVID as a catalyst for quitting and remaining smoke free; changes in vaping and challenges for vapers and vape shops; and changes and challenges for stop smoking support. Fear of COVID resulting in severe health implications for smokers facilitated behaviour change; however the boredom and monotony of lockdown and associated stress created difficulties in remaining a smoke-free. Results showed that the enforced switch from face-to-face to remote provision of stop smoking services was beneficial for improving engagement, particularly for vulnerable groups such as pregnant women. Stop smoking professionals and vapers disagreed with the forced closure of vape shops because it created unnecessary difficulties for vapers to access supplies. CONCLUSIONS: COVID-19 was both a barrier and facilitator for smoking cessation. Remote provision of stop smoking services implemented due to lockdown was beneficial for hard-to-reach groups; services should look to incorporate these changes into day-to-day practice. IMPLICATIONS: This study is one of the first to explore how the COVID-19 pandemic directly affected smokers, vapers, stop smoking services, tobacco control leads and vape shops. It provides evidence for the continued use of remote provision of smoking cessation services to increase engagement among hard-to-reach groups and provides information on how pandemics can be a catalyst for health behaviour change. This study is unique in that it incorporates the views of different stakeholders.

CHALLENGES OF WELL BEING IN AND POST-LOCKDOWN PERIOD: EXPLORING AYURVEDA, YOGA AND SPIRITUALITY AS A CONDUIT FOR REJUVENATION AND OVERALL WELLNESS

Physical and mental wellbeing are intrinsic to Indian way of life, and now they have become globally acceptable/implementable phenomena. Spiritual philosophy that has been integral to the Indian way of life cannot be separated from wellness and wellbeing of humanity. The potential of wellness systems, developed through centuries of wisdom of this ancient civilization is enormous. What can be the reasons behind people's turning towards wellness and health particularly is a thing to ponder upon for the researchers especially after Covid-19 grappled the world. Due to the disruptions caused by Covid-19 the human race understood the relevance of wellness and wellbeing. Isolation, inability to communicate, inability to travel and inability to have access to rejuvenation activities brought us closer to nature and the ancient Indian wisdom like yoga;the way of living, spirituality i.e the focus on mind and breath in search of the ultimate power and Ayurveda or naturopathy i.e use of home remedies given to us by nature were ultimately the lenders of last resort. This paper will highlight some aspects of the Indian philosophy and the spiritual quest, which can be seen as leading to 'ultimate wellbeing' and 'ultimate wellness'.

Antibody binding and neutralization of live SARS-CoV-2 variants including BA.4/5 following booster vaccination of patients with B-cell malignancies.

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (NHL/CLL) patients elicit inadequate antibody responses after initial SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and remain at high risk of severe COVID-19 disease. We investigated IgG, IgA, and IgM responses after booster vaccination against recent SARS-CoV-2 variants including Omicron BA.5 in 67 patients. Patients had lower fold increase and total anti-spike binding titers after booster than healthy individuals. Antibody responses negatively correlated with recent anti-CD20 therapy and low B cell numbers. Antibodies generated after booster demonstrated similar binding properties against SARS-CoV-2 variants compared to those generated by healthy controls with lower binding against Omicron variants. Importantly, 43% of patients showed anti-Omicron BA.1 neutralizing antibodies after booster and all these patients also had anti-Omicron BA.5 neutralizing antibodies. NHL/CLL patients demonstrated inferior antibody responses after booster vaccination, particularly against Omicron variants. Prioritization of prophylactic and treatment agents and vaccination of patients and close contacts with updated vaccine formulations are essential.

Cadaver dissection for oculoplastic procedures: A beginner's guide.

The purpose of this article is to form a basic guide for beginning the cadaver dissection training programs focused on oculoplastic surgical procedures. Ours was a collaborative study between the departments of Ophthalmology and Anatomy in a tertiary care teaching institute. We formed a step-wise approach to begin the cadaver dissection focused on the oculoplastic surgical procedures. The basics of cadaver procurement, processing, and preparation for dissections were described. The operative requirements of trainees, surgical handling of cadavers, and basic oculoplastic surgical steps were discussed. The types of embalming (cadaver preservation process) and steps have been described in detail. We have emphasized the preoperative discussion about the proposed dissections using standard teachings and skull models for easier understanding. Additional helping tools like soft embalming and injectable substances for better intra-dissection understanding (intra-arterial, intravenous and orbital injections) have been described. Post-dissection cadaver handing and soft-tissue disposal protocols have also been described. Overall, the cadaver dissections provide holistic surgical learning for the residents, specialty trainees, and practitioners. This article may act as a basic step-wise guide for starting the cadaver-based oculoplastics lab dissection in various institutes and workshops.

Antibody Response to COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine in Patients With Lung Cancer After Primary Immunization and Booster: Reactivity to the SARS-CoV-2 WT Virus and Omicron Variant.

PURPOSE: To examine COVID-19 mRNA vaccine-induced binding and neutralizing antibody responses in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to SARS-CoV-2 614D (wild type [WT]) strain and variants of concern after the primary 2-dose and booster vaccination. METHODS: Eighty-two patients with NSCLC and 53 healthy volunteers who received SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines were included in the study. Blood was collected longitudinally, and SARS-CoV-2-specific binding and neutralizing antibody responses were evaluated by Meso Scale Discovery assay and live virus Focus Reduction Neutralization Assay, respectively. RESULTS: A majority of patients with NSCLC generated binding and neutralizing antibody titers comparable with the healthy vaccinees after mRNA vaccination, but a subset of patients with NSCLC (25%) made poor responses, resulting in overall lower (six- to seven-fold) titers compared with the healthy cohort (P = < .0001). Although patients age > 70 years had lower immunoglobulin G titers (P = < .01), patients receiving programmed death-1 monotherapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of both did not have a significant impact on the antibody response. Neutralizing antibody titers to the B.1.617.2 (Delta), B.1.351 (Beta), and in particular, B.1.1.529 (Omicron) variants were significantly lower (P = < .0001) compared with the 614D (WT) strain. Booster vaccination led to a significant increase (P = .0001) in the binding and neutralizing antibody titers to the WT and Omicron variant. However, 2-4 months after the booster, we observed a five- to seven-fold decrease in neutralizing titers to WT and Omicron viruses. CONCLUSION: A subset of patients with NSCLC responded poorly to the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination and had low neutralizing antibodies to the B.1.1.529 Omicron variant. Booster vaccination increased binding and neutralizing antibody titers to Omicron, but antibody titers declined after 3 months. These data highlight the concern for patients with cancer given the rapid spread of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant.

SARS-CoV-2 Mutations Responsible for Immune Evasion Leading to Breakthrough Infection.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: India had faced a devastating second outbreak of COVID-19 infection, in which a majority of the viral sequences were found to be of the B.1.617.2 lineage (Delta-variant). While India and the world focused on vaccination, reports of vaccine-immunity evasion by the virus, termed "breakthrough cases", emerged worldwide. Our study was focused on the primary objective to identify the mutations associated with breakthrough infections SARS-CoV-2. METHODS: In our study, we extracted the SARS-CoV-2 RNA (ribonucleic acid) from reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) positive COVID-19 patients, and 150 random samples were sent for sequencing to the Centre for Cellular & Molecular Biology, Hyderabad. Whole genome sequences of 150 SARS-CoV-2 viral samples were analyzed thoroughly. We mostly found B.1.617 and its sub-lineages in the genomic sequencing results. RESULTS AND INTERPRETATION: On further analysis of patient data, it was seen that nine patients had been vaccinated against the SARS-CoV-2 previously. These nine patients had B.1.617/B.1 or A strains, and all of them had similar genomic variations in spike proteins as well as non-structural proteins (NSPs). The mutations seen in these sequences in the Spike (S), NSPs, and open reading frame (ORF) regions would have produced amino acid changes known to improve viral replication, confer drug resistance, influence host-cell interaction, and lead to antigenic drift. CONCLUSIONS: Increased virulence culminating in vaccine immunity evasion may be inferred from these specific mutations. Our study adds to the growing body of evidence linking rapidly emerging mutations in the S (Spike) and ORF genes of the SARS-CoV-2 genome to immune evasion.

Antibody Responses Against SARS-CoV-2 Variants after Booster Vaccination in Patients With B Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma and Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

Context: Patients with B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (NHL/CLL) are at increased risk of morbidity and mortality from SARS-CoV-2 infection. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination is highly recommended for these patients but their antibody responses after the initial vaccination series is impaired, particularly when measured against SARS-CoV-2 variants. Objective: To assess antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 variants after booster vaccination in NHL/CLL patients. Design: We designed a single center, prospective, observational study and collected blood and clinical data on 69 patients who received an approved booster dose. Antibody binding against SARS-CoV-2 spike of the original strain and of variants of concern were measured using a multiplex assay. Live-virus neutralization against Delta, Omicron, and the ancestral WA1/2020 strains were measured by focus reduction neutralization test (FRNT). Correlation between vaccine response and clinical factors were determined. Results: Median anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG binding titers were 8.6-fold lower in NHL/CLL patients without prior SARS-CoV-2 infections compared to healthy individuals. IgA and IgM titers were similarly reduced. Among the 51 patients with available pre- and post-booster samples, only 45% achieved a >3.16 fold-increase in IgG titers after booster (median fold increase = 2.58 vs 41.0 for healthy vaccinees). A substantial decrease in IgG binding to variant SARS-CoV-2 spike, particularly from B.1.1.529 (Omicron) variants, was observed. However, reductions were similar to healthy vaccinees (median fold reduction: 4.82 vs 4.83, respectively). Neutralizing antibody titers against WA1/2020 strain were detected in 44% of patients but only 16% of patients had neutralizing antibody titers against Omicron before booster vaccination. Neutralizing titers against WA1/2020 and Omicron were detected in 61% and 43% of patients after booster respectively, though mean titers against Omicron were 11.5-fold lower than WA1/2020. Clinical correlates to vaccine response including treatment status will be presented. Conclusions: Antibody binding and live-virus neutralization titers against SARS-CoV-2 and its variants including Omicron are lower in NHL/CLL patients compared to healthy individuals even after booster vaccination. Our study reinforces the need to prioritize anti-SARS-CoV-2 prophylactic and treatment agents to protect this highly immunosuppressed population. Funding: Winship Cancer Institute and Emory University Institutional Funds, NCI U54 CA260563, P30CA138292, NIH P51 OD011132, HHSN272201400004C, U19AI090023, R35CA197603.